A Ukrainian air-defence missile went out of control and crashed into a grain drying facility in the village of Przewodów, killing two Polish civilians. The Polish investigation concluded the missile was of Ukrainian origin, fired during Ukrainian defence against a Russian missile barrage.
Responsibility and limits of the evidence
officially attributed
A court or a competent state body has attributed it. That is not the same as a proven attack: an indictment is an allegation, not a verdict.
Named party: Ukrainian air defence
B - official attribution by a state body
Prokuratura Krajowa, Mazowiecki Wydział Zamiejscowy ds. Przestępczości Zorganizowanej i Korupcji / 2023-09-26 / origin of the equipment
An expert opinion commissioned by the National Prosecutor's Office found that the object which fell on Przewodów was a Russian-made S-300 5W55 air-defence missile fired from a Ukrainian air-defence position. The prosecution service spokesman confirmed the opinion exists. The missile's Russian manufacture and Russian responsibility are two different things: the opinion speaks to the first, not the second.
Prokuratura Krajowa / 2024-01-23 / carrying out the act
On 23 January 2024 the National Prosecutor's Office said the event was an accident involving a Ukrainian air-defence missile, and suspended the investigation pending requests for international legal assistance. It added that the circumstances cannot be established conclusively, and so it cannot say who specifically is responsible for the two deaths.